Taariikhda horumarinta cagaf-cagafleyda
Cagaf-cagaf-cagaf-cagaf (sidoo kale loo yaqaan crawler dozer) waxa si guul leh u sameeyay American Benjamin Holt 1904. Waxa la sameeyay iyada oo lagu rakibay cagaf-cagaf-biniaadmi-qaade horteeda cagaf- gurguurta.Awooda wakhtigaas waxay ahayd mishiinka uumiga.Intaa ka dib, cagaf-cagafadaha nooca gurguurta ah ee ay kaxeeyaan tamarta gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo mishiinka shidaalka ayaa si guul leh loo soo saaray si isdaba joog ah, iyo daabka cagaf-cagaf ayaa sidoo kale laga soo saaray gacan-qaadis ilaa xadhig xadhig.
Benjamin Holt sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah aasaasayaashii Caterpillar Inc. ee Maraykanka.Sannadkii 1925-kii, Shirkadda Wax-soo-saarka 5Holt iyo Shirkadda CL Best Bulldozer waxay ku biireen si ay u samaysteen Shirkadda Caterpillar Bulldozer Company, oo noqotay shirkaddii ugu horreysay ee soo saarta qalabka cagaf-cagafeed ee adduunka.Sannadkii 1931-kii, dufcaddii ugu horreysay ee 60 cagaf-cagaf oo wata matoorada naaftada ayaa si guul leh looga saaray khadka wax-soo-saarka.Horumarka joogtada ah ee tignoolajiyada, dhammaan cagaf-cagafyada waxaa ku shaqeeya matoorada naaftada, iyo daab cagaf-cagafeedyada iyo maqaar-saareyaasha dhamaantood waxaa kor u qaadaya dhululubada hadhidarooliga.
Marka laga soo tago cagaf-cagafayaasha nooca gurguurta ah, cagaf-cagafyadu waxay sidoo kale leeyihiin cagaf-cagafyada nooca taayirka ah, kuwaas oo soo muuqday ilaa toban sano ka dib cagaf-cagafayaasha nooca gurguurta ah.Sababtoo ah cagaf-cagafayaasha gurguurta waxay leeyihiin waxqabad dhejis ah oo wanaagsan waxayna samayn karaan soo jiidasho badan, kala duwanaanta iyo tirada alaabtoodu aad ayay uga badan yihiin kuwa cagaf-cagafayaasha taayirka gudaha iyo dibaddaba.
Caalami ahaan, Caterpillar waa shirkadda ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka mishiinada dhismaha ee adduunka.Cagaf-cagafkeeda gurguurta waxaa ka mid ah 9 taxane ah oo waaweyn, dhexdhexaad ah iyo D3-D11 yar, D11 RCD ee ugu weyn, iyo awoodda injiinka naaftada ayaa gaaraya 634kw;Japan Shirkadda Komatsu ayaa gashay kaalinta labaad, waxayna bilowday oo kaliya inay soo saarto oo ay soo saarto cagaf-cagafeedka D50 sannadkii 1947kii.
Waxaa jira 13 taxane ah oo cagaf-cagafeedyada, laga bilaabo D21-D575, kan ugu yar waa D21, awoodda injiinka naaftada ah ee duuliyaha waa 29.5kw, ka ugu weyn waa D575A-3SD, tamarta naaftada ah waxay gaareysaa 858kw, sidoo kale waa cagaf-cagafyada ugu weyn adduunyo;Soo saaraha cagaf-cagafeedka sifada leh waa Kooxda Liebheer ee Jarmalka (Liebheer), kuwaas oo cagaf-cagafyadoodu ay dhamaantood wataan cadaadiska hydrostatic.In ka badan toban sano oo cilmi baaris iyo horumarin ah ka dib, tignoolajiyadu waxay soo saartay nooc ka mid ah 1972, waxayna bilowday wax soo saar ballaaran 1974. PR721-PR731 iyo PR741 hydrostatic drive crawler bulldozer, sababtuna tahay xaddidaadda qaybaha hydraulic, awooddeeda ugu badan waa 295Kw oo keliya at hadda, moodelku waa PR751 macdanta.
Sadexda kor ku xusan ee soo saarayaasha cagaf-cagaf waxay u taagan yihiin heerka ugu sarreeya ee cagaf-cagafayaasha adduunka maanta.Dhowr shirkadood oo ajnabi ah oo ka mid ah cagaf-cagafayaasha, John Deere, Case, New Holland iyo Deresta, ayaa sidoo kale leh heerar sare oo tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka.
Wax-soo-saarka cagaf-cagafyada ee Shiinaha ayaa billaabay uun ka dib markii la aasaasay Shiinaha cusub.Markii hore, cagaf-cagafyada ayaa lagu rakibay cagaf-cagafyada beeraha.Horumarinta dhaqaalaha qaranka, baahida loo qabo cagaf-cagafyada gurguurta ee dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa waaweyn ee miinooyinka waaweyn, ilaalinta biyaha, xarumaha korontada iyo waaxaha gaadiidka ayaa kordhay.Inkasta oo warshadaha cagaf gurguurta ee dalkaygu ay aad u horumareen, haddana ma ay dabooli karin baahida horumarinta dhaqaalaha qaranka.baahan.
Si taas loo gaaro, tan iyo 1979, dalkaygu wuxuu si isdaba joog ah u soo bandhigay tignoolajiyada wax-soo-saarka, habraaca habraaca, heerarka farsamada iyo nidaamyada qalabka cagaf-cagafayaasha ee Komatsu Corporation ee Japan iyo Shirkadda Caterpillar ee Mareykanka.Qaab ay u badan yihiin alaabada tignoolajiyada Komatsu sanadihii 1980-meeyadii iyo 1990-meeyadii.
Laga soo bilaabo 1960-meeyadii ilaa hadda, tirada soo-saareyaasha gudaha ee cagaf-cagafyadu waxay ahaayeen kuwo deggan oo ku saabsan 4. Sababta ayaa ah in shuruudaha wax-soo-saarka ee alaabada cagaf-cagafku ay yihiin kuwo sarreeya oo adag, iyo wax-soo-saarka ballaaran wuxuu u baahan yahay maalgashi ballaaran, sidaas darteed ganacsiyada caadiga ah ma dhicin. si sahal ah cagta loo geliyo.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyada oo horumarinta suuqa, laga bilaabo "Qorshaha Sideedaad ee Shanta Sano", qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha waaweyn iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah ee gudaha ayaa bilaabay in ay ka shaqeeyaan cagaf-cagafyada si waafaqsan awooddooda, sida Inner Mongolia No. 1 Warshada Mashiinnada, Xuzhou Warshada Loader, iwm., ballaarinta kooxda warshadaha cagaf-cagaf.
Sidoo kale waxaa jira shirkado tiro yar oo bilaabay inay hoos u dhacaan maamul xumo iyo baahi dhanka horumarinta suuqa ah, qaarkoodna mar horeba ka baxay warshadaha.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, soo-saareyaasha ugu waaweyn ee gudaha ee bulldozers waa:
Shantui Mashiinada Dhismaha Co., Ltd., Hebei Xuanhua Mashiinada Dhismaha Co., Ltd., Shanghai Pengpu Machinery Warshada Co., Ltd., Tianjin Dhismaha Machinery Warshada, Shaanxi Xinhuang Machinery Co. iwm.
Marka laga soo tago wax-soo-saarka cagaf-cagafyada, shirkadaha aan kor ku soo xusnay waxay kaloo bilaabeen inay cagta saaraan wax-soo-saarka mashiinnada kale ee dhismaha.Tusaale ahaan, Shantui waxa kale oo ay soo saartaa rolalka waddooyinka, graders, excavators, loaders, forklifts, iwm.
Waqtiga boostada: Seb-24-2022
